Pluperfect Tense

 

A verb is in the pluperfect tense if it was completed prior to another. Usually the auxiliary verb "had" signifies a pluperfect verb.

 

To form this tense, take your 3rd principle part, cut off the –i, and add the endings (= imperfect of sum, esse, fui, futurus)

 

For example: capio, capere, cepi, captus – to seize, to take

 

Singular

translation

Plural

translation

1st

Ceperam

I had seized

Ceperamus

We had seized

2nd

Ceperas

You had seized

Ceperatis

You had seized

3rd

ceperat

He,she,it had seized

ceperant

They had seized

 

Usage of the Pluperfect:

The examples of incorrect pluperfect usage are fragments.  To express a previously completed action with the pluperfect, a sentence requires a temporal reference point

 

 

 

Future Perfect Tense

 

Future perfect It is used to say that something will happen in the future, but before the time of the main sentence. It is most often used in the construction "When something has occurred, I will have done something."

To form this tense, take the 3rd principle part, cut off the –i and add your endings (=future of sum, esse, fui, futurus)

 

For example: capio, capere, cepi, captus – to seize, to take

 

Singular

translation

Plural

translation

1st

Cepero

I will have seized

Ceperimus

We will have seized

2nd

Ceperis

You will have seized

Ceperitis

You will have seized

3rd

ceperit

He,she,it will have seized

ceperint

They will have seized